What You Need To Know About Infertility In Men
Retrograde ejaculation is when the semen goes the wrong way, into the bladder.
Genetic factors: A man should have an X and Y chromosome. If he has two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome, as in Klinefelter’s syndrome, the testicles will develop abnormally and there will be low testosterone and a low sperm count or no sperm.
Mumps: If this occurs after puberty, inflammation of the testicles may affect sperm production.
Hypospadias: The urethral opening is under the penis, instead of its tip. This abnormality is usually surgically corrected in infancy. If the correction is not done, it may be harder for the sperm to get to the female’s cervix. Hypospadias affects about 1 in every 500 newborn boys.
Cystic fibrosis: This is a chronic disease that results in the creation of sticky mucus. This mucus mainly affects the lungs, but males may also have a missing or obstructed vas deferens. The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct and the urethra.
Radiation therapy: This can impair sperm production. The severity usually depends on how near to the testicles the radiation was aimed.
Some diseases: Conditions that are sometimes linked to lower fertility in males are anemia, Cushing’s syndrome, diabetes, and thyroid disease.
Anabolic steroids: Popular with bodybuilders and athletes, long-term use can seriously reduce sperm count and mobility.
Chemotherapy: Some types may significantly reduce sperm count.
Illegal drugs: Consumption of marijuana and cocaine can lower the sperm count.
Age: Male fertility starts to fall after 40 years.
Exposure to chemicals: Pesticides, for example, may increase the risk.
Excess alcohol consumption: This may lower male fertility. Moderate alcohol consumption has not been shown to lower fertility in most men, but it may affect those who already have a low sperm count.
Overweight or obesity: This may reduce the chance of conceiving.
Mental stress: Stress can be a factor, especially if it leads to reduced sexual activity.